🎉 Free launch period — every calculator, every feature unlocked, no account needed, through mid-November 2026. PDF reports carry a watermark for everyone during this period.
NEC Article 440 (hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors)9 min read

Worked Example: A Single Compressor Circuit vs. a Compressor-Plus-Fan Combination Load

NEC Article 440 branch-circuit sizing for one compressor motor, then the same compressor paired with a condenser fan on a shared feeder — showing why combination-load sizing isn't just 'add the two MCAs together'.

Scenario

Compressor rated-load current (RLA)18 A
Compressor locked-rotor amps (LRA)110 A
Second load on the feeder — condenser fan RLA4 A
StandardNEC Article 440

Step-by-step calculation

Step 1: Size the single compressor's minimum circuit ampacity (MCA)

MCA = 1.25 x RLA
1.25 x 18
MCA = 22.5 A

Step 2: Size the maximum overcurrent protection (MOCP) — NEC 440.22(A)

MOCP starts at 175% of RLA, rounds up to the next standard breaker/fuse size, but is capped so it never exceeds 225% of RLA.

base = 1.75 x RLA (round up to standard size) cap = 2.25 x RLA
1.75 x 18 = 31.5 → next standard size 35 A 2.25 x 18 = 40.5 A cap
MOCP = 35 A (35 ≤ 40.5 cap, so no reduction needed)

Step 3: Size the disconnect switch rating

discA = 1.15 x RLA
1.15 x 18
Disconnect = 20.7 A

Step 4: Now combine the compressor with the condenser fan on one feeder

NEC combination-load sizing does not simply sum each device's own MCA — instead, the largest motor gets its own 125% factor, and every other load on the same feeder is added at 100% (its full RLA, no margin).

comboMCA = 1.25 x largestRLA + sum(otherRLAs)
1.25 x 18 + 4
comboMCA = 26.5 A (not 22.5 + 5 = 27.5 A, which is what a naive 'add both MCAs' approach would give)

Step 5: Size the combination MOCP and disconnect

comboMOCP = MOCP(largest) + sum(otherRLAs) comboDisc = 1.15 x sum(allRLAs)
35 + 4 1.15 x 22
comboMOCP = 39 A, comboDisc = 25.3 A

Result summary

CheckRequirementActualStatus
Single compressor MCAn/a (sizing basis)22.5 A✓ PASS
Single compressor MOCP≤ 40.5 A cap35 A✓ PASS
Combination-load MCA (compressor + fan)n/a (sizing basis)26.5 A✓ PASS
Combination-load MOCPn/a (sizing basis)39 A✓ PASS
The standalone compressor needs a 22.5 A MCA feeding a 35 A MOCP and a 20.7 A disconnect. Once the condenser fan shares the same feeder, the correct combination-load MCA is 26.5 A — only the largest motor (the compressor) gets the 125% margin, while the fan's 4 A is added at its own full rated current, not at 125%.

Key insight: A frequent sizing mistake is adding each device's own already-125%-margined MCA together for a shared feeder — that double-counts the safety margin on every motor except the largest, producing an oversized (and non-compliant with the Article 440 method) result. NEC combination-load sizing applies the 125% factor exactly once, to the single largest motor, and full RLA to everything else on that feeder.

Try it with your own numbers

Every input in this example is editable in the live calculator — free, no signup.

Open HVAC Electrical Sizing calculator →

Frequently asked questions

Why does only the largest motor get the 125% margin in a combination load?

The 125% factor exists to keep the branch-circuit conductor comfortably above one motor's starting and running behavior — once that largest motor's margin is included, the other loads on the same feeder are already running loads (not the one setting the peak starting/thermal condition), so NEC 440.22(A) only requires them to be counted at their full rated current rather than re-applying the margin to each one individually.

Does the same logic apply to a VFD-fed motor input and output circuit?

No — a VFD's input and output circuits are sized independently of each other and of any combination-load calculation, because the VFD itself decouples the fixed-frequency supply side from the variable-frequency motor side; this calculator's separate VFD section applies the 125% (NEC) or IEC margin factor directly to the drive's rated input current and to the motor's RLA on the output side, each on its own.

More in Building Services & Facilities

← Back to all worked examples